Global Medical Syringe Market Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Future Trends, Covid-19 Impact, SWOT Analysis, Competition and Forecasts 2021 to 2028
Published Date: Dec 2021
No. of Pages: 150
Status: Published
Report Code: ARI100941
Medical Syringe Market is Expected to Grow with a CAGR of 5.9% over the Forecast Period.
Growing demand for homecare portable instrument and rising prevalence of chronic diseases with rapidly increasing patient pool across the globe are expected to boost the growth of the Global Medical Syringe Market over the forecast period.
Scope of Medical Syringe Market Report–
A medical syringe is a simple reciprocating pump consisting of a plunger that matches tightly within a cylindrical tube called a barrel. It consists of a needle attached to a hollow cylinder that's fitted with a sliding plunger. It is used for various applications, most popular being, blood recovery, insulin injections, vaccinations, and anesthesia applications. The medical syringe allows easy and safer discharge and sucking of blood from the human body with the help of the plunger which linearly pulled and pushed along inside of the tube. There is a wide range of safety syringes present in the market such as auto-retractable, auto-disable, reuse prevention syringes and others. The demand of these syringes has grown exceptionally due to high compatibility and effective cost compare to other various safety medical devices for drawing and injecting medicines and drugs. Currently, there is a global need for such advanced syringe to manage accidental infection cases of rapidly increasing patient population.
Medical Syringe market report is segmented on the basis of application, type, and by region & country level. Based upon application, medical syringe market is classified into hospitals, clinic, and others. Based upon type, medical syringe market is classified into head & neck cancer stomach, gastrointestinal cancers, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, blood cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer and others.
The regions covered in this Medical Syringe market report are North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of the World. On the basis of country level, market of Medical Syringe is sub divided into U.S., Mexico, Canada, U.K., France, Germany, Italy, China, Japan, India, South East Asia, GCC, Africa, etc.
Medical Syringe Manufacturers:
Becton
Dickinson and Company
B. Braun Melsungen
Gerresheimer
Hindustan Syringes & Medical Devices Limited
Terumo Corporation
Nipro Corporation
Nipro Corporation
Medtronic
Smiths Medical
Codan Medizinische Gerate
Others.
Medical Syringe Market Dynamics–
The growing need for syringes to the diabetic patient as well as the increasing aging and geriatric population with increasing health awareness are driving the growth of self-care auto-retractable safety injections. According to the UN department of economic and social affairs, by 2050 the urban population of developing countries will reach 5.3 billion, with Asia expected to host 63% approximately 3.3 billion people and Africa nearly 20% of the world’s urban population. Due to the increasing geriatric population, the demand for auto-retractable syringes has tremendously increased for diabetic patients. According to the World Health Organization, the prevalence of diabetes has increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014. As the diabetes patients need auto-retractable safety syringes for treatment using suitable insulin injections to control the glucose level of the body. Although, there is a lack of awareness among the people about these types of syringes and also a significant gap between current insulin injection & insulin delivery recommendations are the main factors which may hinder the growth of the medical syringe market. In spite of that, increasing adoption of safe and autonomous injection practices in the therapeutic sector which contribute to the bulk use of retractable safety syringes to avoid the transmission of blood-borne pathogen and viral infections has created a huge opportunity for the growth of this market. According to the estimation of the MTAB resource center, around 16 billion syringes are introduced in the global market per year.
Global Medical Syringe Market Regional Analysis–
North America is dominating the medical syringe market with the significant rate due to the increasing diabetic patient pool due to an unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyle. In 2015 according to CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention), it was estimated that around 30 million people of all ages in the U.S. had diabetes which accounts to raise the demand for auto-retractable syringes for taking injections.
The Asia Pacific and the Middle East are expected to emerge as the fastest-growing regional market due to rapidly increasing patient pool of Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) viral infections & HIV cases and growing need to cure with the help of injections. A per a research by the Government of India, it is estimated that approximately 33% of new Hepatitis B (HBV) and 42% of Hepatitis C viral (HCV) infections with around 2 million new infections are attributable to the hazardous medical injections in developing nations. Also, insecure injection practices account for 9% of new HIV cases in South Asia.
Europe is the third-largest region for medical syringes due to rise of NCDs (Non-communicable Diseases) like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic diseases. According to WHO, the Europe region accounts to rise of NCDs with around 77% of the disease burden which directly increases the demand for Medical syringes to avoid viral infections.
Medical Syringe Market Segmentation:–
By Type:
Hospital
Clinic
By Application:
Non-disposable Syringes
Disposable Syringes
Regional & Country Analysis
North America- U.S., Mexico, Canada
Europe- UK, France, Germany, Italy
Asia Pacific- China, Japan, India, Southeast Asia
South America- Brazil, Argentina, Columbia
The Middle East and Africa- GCC, Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1. Executive Summary
Chapter 2. Research Methodology
2.1. Research approach
2.2. Scope, definition, and assumptions
2.3. Data Component
2.3.1. Secondary Component
2.3.1.1. Preliminary data mining
2.3.2. Primary Component
2.3.2.1. Statistical Model
2.3.2.2. Data Triangulation
2.3.2.3. Research Objective
Chapter 3. Market Outlook
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Key trends
3.2.1. xx
3.3. Market drivers
3.3.1. Impact analysis of Market Drivers
3.4. Market restraints
3.4.1. Impact analysis of Market Restraints
3.5. Market opportunities
3.5.1. Impact analysis of Market Opportunities
3.6. Market Challenges
3.6.1. Impact analysis of Market Trends
3.7. Porter’s Five Forces’ analysis
3.7.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
3.7.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
3.7.3. Threat of New Entrant
3.7.4. Threat of Substitutes
3.7.5. High Competitive Rivalry
3.8. Value chain analysis
Chapter 4. COVID-19 Impact On Medical Marijuana Market
Chapter 5. Global Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
5.1. Global Medical Marijuana Market Share, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
5.1.1. Hospital
5.1.1.1. Market Size and Projections,2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
5.1.1.2. Market Size and Projections, by Region, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
5.1.2. Clinic
5.1.2.1. Market Size and Projections,2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
5.1.2.2. Market Size and Projections, by Region, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
Chapter 6. Global Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
6.1. Global Medical Marijuana Market Share, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
6.1.1. Non-disposable Syringes
6.1.1.1. Market Size and Projections,2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
6.1.1.2. Market Size and Projections, by Region, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
6.1.2. Disposable Syringes
6.1.2.1. Market Size and Projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
6.1.2.2. Market Size and Projections, by Region, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
Chapter 7. Global Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Geography, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
7.1. Global Medical Marijuana Market Share, By Geography, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
7.1.1. Market Size and projections, by Countries, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
7.1.2. Market Share and CAGR Comparison, by Countries, 2021 - 2028 (%)
Chapter 8. North America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Countries, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
8.1. North America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.2. North America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.3. North America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4. North America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Countries, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.1. U.S. Medical Marijuana Market Overview, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.1.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.1.2. U.S. Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.1.3. U.S. Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.2. Canada Medical Marijuana Market Overview, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.2.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.2.2. Canada Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.2.3. Canada Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.3. Mexico Medical Marijuana Market Overview, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.3.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.3.2. Mexico Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
8.1.4.3.3. Mexico Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
Chapter 9. Europe Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Countries, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1. Europe Medical Marijuana Market Overview, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.2. Europe Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.3. Europe Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.4. Europe Skin Care Sizes Market Overview, By Countries, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.4.1. Germany
9.1.4.1.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.4.1.2. Germany Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.1.3. Germany Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.2. France
9.1.4.2.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.4.2.2. France Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.2.3. France Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.3. UK
9.1.4.3.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.4.3.2. UK Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.3.3. UK Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.4. Italy
9.1.4.4.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.4.4.2. Italy Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.4.3. Italy Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.5. Spain
9.1.4.5.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
9.1.4.5.2. Spain Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.5.3. Spain Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.6. Rest of Europe
9.1.4.6.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028
9.1.4.6.2. Rest of Europe Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
9.1.4.6.3. Rest of Europe Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
Chapter 10. Asia Pacific Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Countries, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1. Asia Pacific Medical Marijuana Market Overview, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.2. Asia Pacific Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.3. Asia Pacific Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.4. Asia Pacific Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Countries, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.4.1. India
10.1.4.1.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.4.1.2. India Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
10.1.4.1.3. India Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.4.2. China
10.1.4.2.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
10.1.4.2.2. China Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
10.1.4.2.3. China Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.4.3. Japan
10.1.4.3.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.4.3.2. Japan Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
10.1.4.3.3. Japan Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
10.1.4.4. South Korea
10.1.4.4.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
10.1.4.4.2. South Korea Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
10.1.4.4.3. South Korea Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.4.5. Rest of Asia Pacific
10.1.4.5.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
10.1.4.5.2. Rest of Asia Pacific Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
10.1.4.5.3. Rest of Asia Pacific Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
Chapter 11. Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Countries, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1. Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market Overview, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.2. Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.3. Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4. Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Countries, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4.1. GCC
11.1.4.1.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4.1.2. GCC Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4.1.3. GCC Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4.2. South Africa
11.1.4.2.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4.2.2. South Africa Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4.2.3. South Africa Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4.3. Rest of Middle East & Africa
11.1.4.3.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4.3.2. Rest of Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11.1.4.3.3. Rest of Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
Chapter 12. South America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Countries, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1. South America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.2. South America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.3. South America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.4. South America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Countries, 2015- 2026 (USD Million)
12.1.5. Brazil
12.1.5.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.5.2. Brazil Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.5.3. Brazil Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.6. Argentina
12.1.6.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.6.2. Argentina Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.6.3. Argentina Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.7. Rest of South America
12.1.7.1. Market Size and projections, 2015 - 2028
12.1.7.2. Rest of South America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12.1.7.3. Rest of South America Medical Marijuana Market Overview, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
Chapter 13. Competitive Landscape
13.1. Competitive environment, 2021
13.2. Strategic framework
13.2.1. Partnership/agreement
13.2.2. Expansion
13.2.3. Mergers & Acquisitions
13.2.4. New Size development
Chapter 14. Key Vendor Analysis
14.1. Becton
14.1.1. Company overview
14.1.2. Financial Performance
14.1.3. Product Benchmarking
14.1.4. Recent initiatives
14.1.5. SWOT analysis
14.2. Dickinson and Company
14.2.1. Company overview
14.2.2. Financial Performance
14.2.3. Product Benchmarking
14.2.4. Recent initiatives
14.2.5. SWOT analysis
14.3. B. Braun Melsungen
14.3.1. Company overview
14.3.2. Financial Performance
14.3.3. Product Benchmarking
14.3.4. Recent initiatives
14.4. Gerresheimer
14.5. Hindustan Syringes & Medical Devices Limited
14.6. Terumo Corporation
14.7. Nipro Corporation
14.8. Others
Chapter 15. Industrial Chain Analysis, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers
15.1. Medical Marijuana Market Industrial Chain Analysis
15.2. Downstream Buyers
Chapter 16. Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders
16.1. Marketing Channel
16.1.1. Direct Marketing
16.1.2. Indirect Marketing
16.1.3. Marketing Channel Development Trend
16.2. Market Positioning
16.2.1. Pricing Strategy
16.2.2. Brand Strategy
16.2.3. Target Client
16.3. Distributors/Traders List
Chapter 17. Market Effect Factors Analysis
17.1. Technology Progress/Risk
17.1.1. Substitutes Threat
17.1.2. Technology Progress in Related Size
17.2. Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
17.3. Economic/Political Environmental Change
Chapter 18. Future Outlook of the Market
Disclaimer
List of Tables
1. Impact of Market drivers
2. Impact of Market restraints
3. Global Medical Marijuana Market, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
4. Medical Marijuana requirement, by country, 2015-2027, (USD Million)
5. North America Medical Marijuana Market, By Type, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
6. North America Medical Marijuana Market, By Application, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
7. Europe Medical Marijuana Market, By Type, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
8. Europe Medical Marijuana Market, By Application, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
9. Asia Pacific Medical Marijuana Market, By Type, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
10. Asia Pacific Medical Marijuana Market, By Application, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
11. Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market, By Type, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
12. Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market, By Application, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
13. South America Medical Marijuana Market, By Type, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
14. South America Medical Marijuana Market, By Application, 2015-2027 (USD Million)
15. Global Medical Marijuana Market, Company Market Share, 2021 - 2028 (%)
16. Becton: Product Benchmarking
17. Becton: Financial Performance
18. Dickinson and Company: Product Benchmarking
19. Dickinson and Company: Financial Performance
20. B. Braun Melsungen.: Product Benchmarking
21. B. Braun Melsungen.: Financial Performance
22. Gerresheimer: Product Benchmarking
23. Gerresheimer: Financial Performance
24. Hindustan Syringes & Medical Devices Limited: Product Benchmarking
25. Hindustan Syringes & Medical Devices Limited: Financial Performance
26. Terumo Corporation: Product Benchmarking
27. Terumo Corporation: Financial Performance
28. Nipro Corporation: Product Benchmarking
29. Nipro Corporation: Financial Performance
List of Figures
1. Market segmentation
2. Value chain analysis
3. Porter’s Five Forces’ analysis
4. Power of Suppliers
5. Power of Buyers
6. Threat of New Entrants
7. Threat of Substitute
8. Competitive Rivalry
9. Global Medical Marijuana Market share, By Type, 2020 & 2027 (%)
10. Global Medical Marijuana Market share, by Hospital, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
11. Global Medical Marijuana Market share, by Clinic, By Type, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
12. Global Medical Marijuana Market share, By Application, 2020 & 2027 (%)
13. Global Medical Marijuana Market share, by Non-disposable Syringes, By Application, 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
14. Global Medical Marijuana Market share, by Disposable Syringes, By Application 2015 - 2028 (USD Million)
15. Global Medical Marijuana Market share, by region, 2020 & 2027 (%)
16. Global Medical Marijuana Market share, by region, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
17. North America Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
18. North America Medical Marijuana Market share, by Countries, 2020 & 2027 (%)
19. U.S. Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
20. Canada Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
21. Mexico Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
22. Europe Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
23. Europe Medical Marijuana Market share, by Countries, 2020 & 2027 (%)
24. Spain Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
25. UK Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
26. Italy Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
27. Germany Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
28. France Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
29. Rest of Europe Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
30. Asia-Pacific Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
31. Asia-Pacific Medical Marijuana Market share, by Countries, 2020 & 2027 (%)
32. China Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
33. India Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
34. China Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
35. Japan Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
36. Rest of Asia-Pacific Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
37. Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
38. Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market share, by Countries, 2020 & 2027 (%)
39. GCC Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
40. South Africa Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
41. Rest Of Middle East & Africa Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
42. South America Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
43. Brazil Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
44. Argentina Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
45. Rest Of South America Medical Marijuana Market, 2015 - 2028(USD Million)
The Leading Key Players in Medical Syringe Market 1
